Air Force Manual (AFMAN) 15-111 Practice Test

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• If instrumentation is moved or a site survey shows the reported information to be in error, what information should be provided to the supporting OWS and forwarded to AFWA?
• Which organization is responsible for establishing METAR file times between H+55 and H+59 past the hour?
• When using an object located in front of a terrestrial background, you should exercise caution if the object is located closer to the observer than to the terrestrial background. This describes which category?
• The standard clock will be zeroed with which time source?
• What is the meaning of the WND DATA ESTMD remark?
• Weather technicians will task-certify ATC personnel to evaluate prevailing visibility values from whom?
• From the DoD FLIPs or the Tactical Plotting Chart for your area, you can obtain which information?
• Where should EUs post charts, lists or other positive means identifying observing aids so they can be accessed quickly?
• Organizations will update Flight Information Publication (FLIP) references to specify those DoD controlled airfields operating with an AMOS. This is done in accordance with which publication?
• What is the name of the observing sequence where elements with the greatest rate of change are evaluated last?
• Who will re-evaluate surface prevailing visibility upon initial receipt of a differing control tower value and upon subsequent reportable changes at the control tower level?
• For LOCALs taken in support of aircraft operations, the code form will be what?
• The standalone standard clock is zeroed with time from which source?
• All other elements evaluated are based on sensor data that is within 10 minutes or less of the actual time of the observation.
• Which documents are cited as ATC directives for reporting changes in tower prevailing visibility?
• Airfield services functions, weather flights, operating locations, and detachments are referred to as which term?
• This document identifies the process EUs will use to certify AMOSs at Air Force and Army sites?
• METAR is the acronym for which type of weather report?
• What will be an evaluation of sensor data gathered during the 30-minute period ending at the actual time of the observation?
• When cloud height and visibility values are halfway or less between two reportable values, which value should be reported?
• Which item is explicitly listed as part of Sensor Data for AMOS?
• Which unit type may augment the AMOS at the Alternate Operating Location if the sensors are functioning?
• Which time interval defines 3-hourly METAR observations?
• What is the term used for a weather organization when all measurements are taken at approximately the same point?
• Under what condition is the RVRNO reported when RVR equipment is inoperative?
• Which system will always be considered automated, even when a weather technician augments or backs up an observation?
• When computations of pressure values require rounding to standards on reportable values, the number will be rounded down to the next reportable value.
• Which weather watch requires weather technicians to monitor conditions continuously and perform no other significant duties?
• Which type of observation requires elements to reflect conditions existing at the actual time of observation and to have been observed within 15 minutes of that time?
• The responsibilities of Exploitation units are described in which Air Force documents?
• To update FLIP references for AMOS-equipped airfields, which AFI governs the publication process?
• Which report is used for LOCAL operations?
• Which weather watch is described as monitoring weather conditions continuously and disseminating SPECI observations, while performing no other significant duties?
• Responsible for preparing surface weather observations, regardless of the mode of operation, will ensure their station information is current and maintained on permanent file at the 14th Weather Squadron (14WS) and in the observing location's historical file?
• Altimeter settings provided for international aviation purposes and reported in whole hectopascals are rounded down when disposing of tenths of hPa (e.g., 1009.9 hPa and 1009.1 hPa are both rounded down to 1009 hPa).
• What will affect the orientation of the wind equipment, requiring maintenance personnel to be informed of changes?
• The observing location may be coincident with the weather observing location; or it may be the touchdown area of the primary runway. The selected location must provide what?
• Under what condition may mandatory elements be omitted from the initial observation?
• Which DoD airfield category is specified as operating with an AMOS?
• If a synchronized computer network clock is used as the standard, daily synchronization must be verified with which clock?
• Time ascribed reflects the time, to the nearest minute, that the criteria is first met or observed?
• May replace the criteria values with values from Combatant Commander instructions, manuals or supplements relating to command minima for landing, VFR, IFR and alternates.
• Which watch is associated with notifying airfield leadership that the RVR system requires the runway lights to be left on during airfield closure hours?
• In the Order of Observing, which environment's elements are evaluated last?
• There are many locations that provide stand-alone weather information, including ranges, training areas, drop zones, MOAs, and uncontrolled airfields. Which system provides this stand-alone weather information?
• In the Order of Observing, which environment's elements are evaluated first?
• What activity should be performed upon installation, at least annually thereafter, and after any major maintenance on an instrument or sensor?
• In a situation where cloud height data is available from the inactive runway and is representative when the active runway's cloud height equipment is inoperative, what should be used?
• The METAR observations taken at 0300, 0900, 1500, and 2100 UTC are known as and also contain additional information?
• Who will perform required user/operator maintenance in accordance with equipment TOs and ensure meteorological and communications systems maintenance, including calibration and standardization?
• Which elements are included in the body of a METAR report?
• Elements such as sky condition, visibility, and present weather; augmented observations use a fixed time, spatial averaging technique to describe the visual elements, while an AMOS will use a fixed location, time-linear technique.
• Which standard addresses siting meteorological sensors at airports?
• Which elements are pressure, temperature, dew point, and wind?
• Monitoring changes in local magnetic direction is essential to keep what oriented?
• Which statement about SPECI timing is true?
• According to rounding rules, for a positive number, if the fractional part to be dropped is equal to or greater than one-half, the preceding digit will be increased by one.
• Which system uses time averaging of sensor data?
• Which statement is true about automated weather observations when a weather technician augments or backs up an observation?
• Collect and save data related to an aircraft mishap according to instructions in AFMAN 15-129, Volume 2, Air Force Weather Operations - Exploitation. Technicians will retrieve the archived surface observation data as required by the requesting agency. This describes which category?
• What is not required at automated locations if AMOS is working properly and no mandatory supplementary criteria are occurring?
• The actual time of the observation will be H+55 to H+59 minutes past the hour (standard time of a METAR observation). This describes which type of report?
• Weather technicians will also ensure ATC personnel can operate the applicable weather equipment in where?
• If AMOS sensors are not operating or there is no interface to augment AMOS, what should EUs plan to use to prepare the observation?
• Who collaborates with the local command to establish an AOL and outline what is needed from various agencies on the installation?
• What is defined as a report of weather elements from an individual who is not task certified to take official weather observations?
• Who can manually disseminate the One-Minute Observation (OMO) if it is required?
• What is the procedure called that EUs use to review each new edition of DoD FLIPs after publication?
• These are prominent dark or nearly dark colored objects observed against a light-colored background, preferably the horizon sky. What are they called?
• Under Basic Weather Watch, what additional duty do weather technicians perform besides taking METARs and disseminating SPECI observations?
• What is the difference between the One-Minute Observation (OMO) and the METAR/SPECI?
• Which statement distinguishes a SPECI from a METAR?
• Under Observing Operation, which item describes when augmented observations are available?
• Which unit is responsible for coordinating annual inspections and ensuring equipment condition and unobstructed siting exposure on airfields?
• Which phenomena will be reported if observed within 10 minutes of the actual time of the observation?
• At all EUs, the local ceiling, prevailing visibility, and runway visual range minima for landing and circling minima will be SPECI observations generated by which systems?
• Who will notify the tower as soon as possible when the prevailing visibility at the official weather observation point decreases to less than 4 statute miles?
• An unscheduled observation completed and transmitted when any of the special criteria are observed, and will include all data elements in a METAR plus additional remarks, is called what?
• Which statement is true about RVR data when RVR equipment is inoperative and visibility is at or below 1 mile?
• Sensor Data includes which of the following items?
• ATC regulations require control towers to maintain a visibility checkpoint chart or list of visibility markers posted in the tower. Upon request, which entity will provide assistance to help prepare a chart or markers for determining tower visibility?
• Range criteria may take the place of the criteria.
• Some are capable of generating an observation every minute?
• When portions of the horizon are obstructed by buildings or aircraft, which value should be used as a guide to determine surface visibility?
• Elements such as pressure, temperature, dew point, and wind; automated and augmented observations use a fixed location and time-averaging technique.
• What term describes observations made as close to the scheduled time as possible to meet filing deadlines, but in no case started more than 15 minutes before the scheduled time?
• When augmenting an AMOS, what is the last observed element?
• Under Cooperative Weather Watch, what condition triggers reporting changes in tower prevailing visibility to the local EU?
• Which source is considered most reliable for wind data when wind equipment is inoperative?
• What is encoded in METAR format and includes all basic weather parameters found in the body of the METAR plus specific automated remarks? Also accepts augmented elements and remarks.
• Where should the permanent file of station information be maintained?
• From true direction to magnetic direction: which statement correctly describes the conversion steps?
• If cloud height equipment for the active runway is inoperative and the measurements from the inactive runway are representative, which data source may be used?
• What is the maximum interval allowed for rechecking weather conditions since the last observation to determine the need for a SPECI observation?
• The procedure designation for managing instrument outages in instrument procedures is known as?
• Which group is advised to develop map-type visibility charts to augment photographic visibility markers?
• High-quality color/digital photos taken on a predominantly cloud-free day should be representative of the current state of the airfield/site, and observing locations should develop map-type visibility charts to augment these photographic visibility markers. What are these photos and charts called?
• From magnetic to true: which statement correctly describes the conversion steps?
• What is the purpose of Control Tower Visibility Aids in ATC operations?
• Which entity establishes METAR file times between H+55 and H+59 past the hour?
• What must be determined at each observing location to convert wind direction from magnetic to true?
• An unscheduled observation, reported to the nearest minute, not meeting SPECI criteria. Also will only be taken when local leadership determines there is a requirement in support of local operations or OPSEC considerations.
• According to the Federal Standard for Siting Meteorological Sensors at Airports (FCM-S4-1994), AMOS sensor groups must be sited for which aspect?
• What information can be encoded and transmitted as a remark in column 13 of METAR/SPECI observations?
• Who should accompany maintenance personnel on this inspection and log any new equipment limitations into the Flight Information Handbook or report equipment issues to higher level(s) (e.g., AFWA, MAJCOM)?
• If there is no sensing capability available on the runway complex, weather technicians may obtain data using backup methods at what location?
• Wind data from dual parallel runways can be reported in the remarks section of a METAR or SPECI observation whenever a 6-knot sustained or gust speed difference exists between the active end wind sensors. Example: WND RWY 32R 300/10G15KT. This corresponds to which remark category?
• If cloud height equipment for the active runway is inoperative, under which condition may data from the inactive runway be used?
• From true direction to magnetic direction, which steps are applied?
• Observation elements are normally evaluated within how many statute miles of the runway complex?
• What is the primary purpose of establishing an Alternate Operating Location (AOL)?
• METAR observations taken at 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 UTC include additional data and are known as what?
• Who should research the availability of detailed host installation maps and, as required, submit a work order to survey the markers to create visibility aids/charts?
• In the local altimeter setting observation, what triggers the 35-minute observation interval?
• Encoded and/or plain language information that elaborates on data in the body of the report may be appended to which report?
• How many minutes are weather technicians allotted to complete and transmit an augmented observation after arrival at the AOL?
• Supplement elements are evaluated instrumentally with visual observations to ensure what quality?
• What function begins as soon as practical after the augmented observation is transmitted?
• What may be appended in the remarks of the observation and sent out at the technician's discretion?
• Which system mode continually senses and measures the atmosphere for wind, visibility, precipitation, cloud height, sky cover, temperature, dew point, altimeter, and lightning, and formats automated remarks?
• What weather watch is conducted when the airfield is open and any augmentation of AMOS is required?
• What term describes a location with adequate communications and a view of the airfield complex?
• Which statement about wind data during outages is correct?
• In this context, which unit is described as the primary point of contact for the collaborative forecast effort and resource protection?
• Where should you log ATC task certification?
• Which observation schedule describes taking observations at an interval not to exceed 35 minutes when there has been a change of 0.01 inch Hg or more since the last ALSTG value?
• Which term refers to any certified AF-owned observing system capable of automatically collecting and disseminating observations?
• What is the location of the primary sensor group and the discontinuity sensor group?
• Where can you find additional guidance on operating at an AOL?
• Which group should use tools such as military grid reference system maps, laser range finder equipment, and GPS devices to determine distances to visibility markers and create visibility aids/charts?
• What will change by several minutes of arc each year at most locations?
• These are unfocused lights of moderate intensity (about 25 candelas). Red or green runway lights may be used, but avoid focused lights like airway beacons; however, their brilliance can help estimate distance to the light source. What are they?
• Which description best captures a SPECI report?
• OS-21 Commissioning Plan is used to certify AMOSs at which sites?
• What does OMO stand for?
• Observing aids for visibility must be clearly identified as daytime or nighttime aids and updated at least how many times?
• What term describes periods when the airfield is being controlled by an air traffic control tower and designated as Class B, C, or D airspace?
• AMO uses which technique to describe visual elements?
• Which group is responsible for re-evaluating surface prevailing visibility after a change at the control tower?
• If the sensor is not installed at touchdown areas, what location serves as the center of the runway complex for temperature, dew point, pressure, lightning and winds?
• What does AMOS stand for in meteorological observing?
• These reports are from credible sources within 15 statute miles and will be appended in the remarks of the observation during AMOS augmentation. What are they?
• Which factor is included under Physical Description of Observation Site to affect weather or climatology?
• Exploitation units responsible for preparing surface weather observations will establish what when the primary location is evacuated?
• When RVR equipment is inoperative and visibility is equal to or less than 1 mile, how should the RVR be reported?
• What term identifies the requirement to post charts or lists near the weather technician's position to identify observing aids?
• What is the approximate luminous intensity of unfocused lights used as visibility aids?
• What does FLIP stand for?
• Latitude and longitude are specified to the nearest minute in station information. Which of the following best describes this precision?
• What does AMOS stand for in this context?
• What is the term for locations where various elements of the observation are evaluated, normally within 5 statute miles of the runway complex, drop zone, or landing zone?
• Who coordinates with the host/supporting airfield systems maintenance to perform an annual inspection of all meteorological equipment and verify no obstructions affecting siting and exposure?
• Which location is used for touchdown runway visual range (RVR) and winds?
• What is the name of the weather report that may be disseminated to agencies other than ATC and may be established locally?
• Which term is used for elements such as sky condition, visibility, and present weather when augmented observations use fixed time and spatial averaging?
• At automated locations, AMOS performs what type of weather watch?
• SPECI criteria will be based on what published guidance?
• What requirement directs task certified control tower personnel to make tower prevailing visibility observations when the prevailing visibility at the usual observation point or at the tower level is less than 4 statute miles?
• When evaluating supplement elements, which quality is ensured by instrumental and visual observations?
• During wind equipment outage, which action should be taken to determine wind data for the runway in use?
• In airports with weather sensors on the approach ends of two or more runways, when the equipment is operational and reliable, which end's data is used?
• When two runways have weather sensors and one runway is experiencing an outage, what is the recommended method for determining wind data?
• Augmented Observations are used for which elements?
• When weather sensors on the active approach end are operational and reliable, which data source is used for meteorological information?
• Which unit will function as the 'eyes forward' for the servicing operational weather squadron and often serve as the primary point of contact for collaborative forecast efforts including resource protection for the installation?
• According to rounding rules for negative numbers, if the fractional part to be dropped is greater than one-half, the preceding digit will be decreased by one.
• When cloud height and visibility values are greater than halfway between two reportable values, which value should be reported?
• Weather technicians will be fully trained, task certified, and position qualified according to requirements outlined in what?
• EUs may report in the remarks section significant or unusual variations in the sky condition (e.g., CLD LYR AT 400 FT ON APCH RWY 23 RPRTD BY PIREPS) that could affect flying operations. This belongs to which remark category?
• Who designates a single timepiece as the standard clock and establishes daily time check procedures?
• Where can you find additional guidance on operating at an AOL?
• What form should be used to log ATC task certifications?
• High-quality photographs should be taken on what type of day to reflect the current state of the airfield/site?
• Which sources can be used to obtain local magnetic variation?
• Where should a time check be annotated on the form?
• At a minimum, an initial observation must contain which elements?
• Who must monitor FLIPS or revised charts for changes in local magnetic direction?
• Operations at the AOL and any reciprocal support from other agencies will be coordinated and formally documented in what?
• During wind equipment outage, which method should be used to determine wind data for the runway in use, and what remark should be included?
• From magnetic to true, which steps are applied?